SQL Syntax

SQL (Structured Query Language) is used for managing and manipulating relational databases. The syntax of SQL is straightforward and follows a consistent pattern for various operations.

Basic SQL Syntax

SQL statements are composed of keywords and clauses. Here are some of the fundamental SQL statements and their syntax:

• SELECT: Retrieves data from one or more tables.
  SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name;
• INSERT INTO: Adds new rows to a table.
  INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (value1, value2);
• UPDATE: Modifies existing rows in a table.
  UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1 WHERE condition;
• DELETE: Removes rows from a table.
  DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

Advanced SQL Syntax

In addition to the basic syntax, SQL includes more advanced features for complex queries:

• JOIN: Combines rows from two or more tables based on a related column.
  SELECT columns FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.id = table2.id;
• GROUP BY: Groups rows that have the same values in specified columns.
  SELECT column, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column;
• ORDER BY: Sorts the result set in ascending or descending order.
  SELECT column FROM table_name ORDER BY column ASC/DESC;
• HAVING: Filters records after a GROUP BY has been applied.
  SELECT column, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column HAVING COUNT(*) > value;

Understanding SQL syntax is essential for performing various operations and queries in a database. Mastering these commands will enhance your ability to manage and analyze data effectively.